Tanzanian Association Oslo

50 years of Uhuru of Tanzania Mainland

From Deutsch Øst Afrika,

Tanganyika to Tanzania –

17 February 1885 - 1 January 1891 German East Africa Company

 1 January 1891 - 9 October 1916

 9 October 1916 - 1919

1919 - 1 May 1961

 1 May 1961 - 30 June 1964

 Adopted 30 June 1964

Chronology

17 Feb 1885  Area acquired by Carl Peters for the Deutsche Ostafrikanische Gesellschaft German East African Company).  

27 May 1885  German East Africa Protectorate 

27 May 1885 -  1 Jul 1890  German protectorate over Witu in Kenya; contested by Britain. 

28 Apr 1888  Germany obtains a lease of the coastal strip from the Sultan of Zanzibar. 

1 Jan 1891  German East Africa colony (Deutsch Ostafrika); end of DOAG rule. 

19 May 1916/18 Sep 1916  Belgian conquest of parts of German East Africa; Nyaza (19 May 1916), Ruanda (17 Jun 1916), Urundi (6 Jul 1916), Usui (29 Jul 1916 - Mar1921), Ujiji and Kigoma (20 Jul 1916 [Ujiji to 22 Mar 1921]), and Tabora region (18 Sep 1916 - Feb 1917)(see under Ruanda-Urundi). 

9 Oct 1916 British occupation of German East Africa begins (on Mafia island from Dec 1914); resisted by German forces on the move until 14 Nov 1918. 

30 May 1919  Treaty with Britain: only Ruanda and Urundi remain under Belgian administration (effective Mar 1921). 

10 Jan 1920 Kionga triangle south of Rovuma River, under Portuguese occupation since 1918, is ceded toPortuguese Mozambique. 

20 Jul 1922  League of Nations mandate under Britain (Tanganyika). 

11 Dec 1946  Tanganyika was a United Nations trust territory under Britain. 

1 May 1961  Self-rule achieved. 

9 Dec 1961  UHURU - Independence (Tanganyika). 

9 Dec 1962  JAMHURI - Republic of Tanganyika 

26 Apr 1964  United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar. 

11 Dec 1964  changed the name to United Republic of Tanzania, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania.

Administrator 

27 May 1885 -  8 Feb 1888  Karl Peters  Reichskommissar (Imperial commissioner) 

8 Feb 1888 - 21 Feb 1891  Hermann von Wissmann 

Governors 

14 Feb 1891 - 15 Sep 1893  Julius Freiherr von Soden 

1891  Rüdiger (acting for Soden) 

15 Sep 1893 - 26 Apr 1895  Friedrich Radbod Freiher von Schele 

26 Apr 1895 -  3 Dec 1896  Herrmann von Wissmann  

          
3 Dec 1896 - 12 Mar 1901  Eduard von Liebert   

12 Mar 1901 - 15 Apr 1906  Gustav Adolf Graf von Götzen 

15 Apr 1906 - 22 Apr 1912  Georg Albrecht Freiherr von Rechenberg

22 Apr 1912 - 14 Nov 1918  Albert Heinrich Schnee  

(from 9 Oct 1916, on the move in  opposition to British forces)

 
Administrator 

9 Oct 1916 - 22 Jul 1920  Horace Archer Byatt                

(from 1918, Sir Horace Archer Byatt)  

 
Governors 

22 Jul 1920 -  5 Mar 1925  Sir Horace Archer Byatt            

1924 -  5 Mar 1925   John Scott (acting for Byatt)
 

Mar 1925 - Jan 1931  Donald Charles Cameron   

1929        Sir Douglas James Jardine  (acting for Cameron) 

Jan 1931 - Feb 1934   George Stewart Symes

19 Feb 1934 -  8 Jul 1938  Sir Harold Alfred MacMichael  

 8 Jul 1938 - 19 Jun 1941  Sir Mark Aitchinson Young  

19 Jun 1941 - 28 Apr 1945  Sir Wilfrid Edward Francis Jackson 

28 Apr 1945 - 18 Jun 1949  Sir William Denis Battershill  

18 Jun 1949 - Jun 1958     Sir Edward Francis Twining   

15 Jul 1958 -  9 Dec 1961  Sir Richard Gordon Turnbull 

9 Dec 1961 -  9 Dec 1962  the Queen of the United Kingdom Governor-general (representing the British monarch as head of state) 

9 Dec 1961 -  9 Dec 1962  Sir Richard Gordon Turnbull  

 
Presidents 

9 Dec 1962 -  5 Nov 1985  Julius Kambarage Nyerere (TANU/CCM)

5 Nov 1985 - 23 Nov 1995  Ali Hassan Mwinyi (CCM )

23 Nov 1995 - 21 Dec 2005  Benjamin William Mkapa (CCM) 

21 Dec 2005 - 2015  Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete (CCM)

Chief minister 

2 Sep 1960 -  1 May 1961  Julius Kambarage Nyerere (TANU) 

Prime ministers 

1 May 1961 - 22 Jan 1962  Julius Kambarage Nyerere (TANU) 

22 Jan 1962 -  9 Dec 1962  Rashidi Mfaume Kawawa (1st time)TANU 

9 Dec 1962 - 17 Feb 1977  Post abolished 

17 Feb 1972 - 13 Feb 1977  Rashidi Mfaume Kawawa (2nd time) TANU 

13 Feb 1977 -  7 Nov 1980  Edward Moringe Sokoine CCM 

7 Nov 1980 - 24 Feb 1983  Cleopa David Msuya (1st time) CCM 

24 Feb 1983 - 12 Apr 1984  Edward Moringe Sokoine CCM 

24 Apr 1984 -  5 Nov 1985  Salim Ahmed Salim CCM 

5 Nov 1985 -  9 Nov 1990  Joseph Sinde Warioba CCM 

9 Nov 1990 -  7 Dec 1994  John Samuel Malecela CCM 

7 Dec 1994 - 28 Nov 1995  Cleopa David Msuya (2nd time)CCM 

28 Nov 1995 - 30 Dec 2005  Frederick Tluway Sumaye CCM 

30 Dec 2005 -  9 Feb 2008  Edward Ngoyai Lowassa CCM

9 Feb 2008 -   Mizengo Kayanza Peter Pinda CCM